Film Institution Research

20TH CENTURY FOX
20th Century Fox is one of the most well known film istituitions, and is responsible for many of the most popular and well acclaimed films, such as: Avatar, The A Team, Life of Pi and Titanic. The company was founded by Joseph M. Schenck and Darryl F. Zanuck in 1935. Fox are also repsonible for a large amount of popular TV series, including: The Simpsons, Family Guy, Glee, Modern Family and Bones.

PARAMOUNT PICTURES



Paramount is another one of the major six film institutions. It was founded in 1912 as Famous Players Film Company, but was then later founded as Paramount Pictures in 1916. Paramount is resposnible for films such as: Transformers, Thor, Paranormal Activity, The Dictator and GI Joe.




UNIVERSAL STUDIOS
Universal Studios was founded in 1912 by: Carl Laemmle, Pat Powers, Mark Dintenfass, William Swanson, David Horsley, Charles Baumann, Adam Kessel and Jules Brulatour. Universal is responsible for films such as Mr Bean's Holiday, The Worlds End, Despicable Me, The Bourne Legacy and The Purge.





DISNEY

Walt Disney Pictures was founded in 1950 by Walt Disney and is respnsible for mainly children films, but it also does cover other genres. Some examples are: Toy Story, The Jungle Book, Lion King, Alice in Wonderland and UP.







WB PICTURES

Warner Brothers was founded by the four Warner brothers: Albert, Harry, Sam and Jack in 1923. WB are responsible for films such as: The Hangover, Gravity, Argo and Sherlock Holmes.






COLUMBIA PICTURES

 

Columbia Pictures was founded in 1918 by Harry Cohn, Jack Cohn and Joe Brandt and is responsible for films such as: Captain Phillips, Skyfall, The Social Network, Salt and Superbad.

Film Classification

UNIVERSAL
All ages are allowed to purchase and view a film. The content is suitable for all ages.

PARENTAL GUIDANCE
People of all ages can watch films classified as PG. Certain scenes included in the film may be unsuitable for children. The film may contain mild language, sex/drugs references and moderate violence if it is justifiable by the context.

12A
Films rated 12A are unsuitable for young people and may only be watched by somebody under 12 with an adult. Films rated 12A can contain mature themes, discrimination, soft drugs, infrequent strong language and moderate violence, sex references and nudity.

12
Films rated 12 have the same guidelines as 12A films, but is only applicable to films purchased on DVD.

15
Films rated 15 may only be viewed/purchased by people aged 15 or over. 15 rated films can include adult themes, hard drugs, frequent strong language and restricted use of very strong language, strong violence and strong sex references, and nudity without graphic detail.

18
Only people aged 18 or over can purchase or view an 18 rated film. 18 rated films can include any of the themes previously mentioned in the other classifications, but they can be slightly stronger. Any extremes of each theme however, may not be allowed in this classification.

Source: Wikipedia

Horror Target Audience Profile

AGE
15 - 25
GENDER
Mostly Male
FILM INTERESTS

'Jumpy' Moments

Supernatural characters

Death

Enigmas

Horror Genre Conventions

Romance Target Audience Profile

AGE
Young Teens to Young Adults
GENDER
Mostly Female
FILM INTERESTS
Simple stories with minimal amount of characters

Films involving character competition

Glamorous female characters
Glamorous male charcaters
May have an interest in these films so they can experience life from somebody else's point of view

Romance Genre Conventions

Action Target Audience Profile

AGE
Young Teens to Young Adults
GENDER
Mostly Male
FILM INTERESTS
Big story lines
Lots of action
Glamorous female characters

Action Genre Conventions

Continuity in Filming

Continuity is very important in filming as it helps to make the film look as realistic as possible. If there are any breaks in continuity it can remind the viewer that what they are watching is not real.

There are several rules regarding continuity:

180 ^o Rule

The 180 degree rule means that the camera must not cross the imaginary line in the shot. The diagram shows the line which the camera cannot cross as the line between the two people.

The different locations where the camera can film while still keeping the continuity is shown along the dashed line.

Shot Reverse Shot

Shot reverse shot is a filming method which increases the realism of the scene, and also helps the viewer to engage with what they are watching. The 180 degree rule applies to shot reverse shot to help make the scene look much more realistic and to ensure that it flows correctly. A shot reverse shot is produced by switching which character is on screen depending on who is talking at that time.

Match Cutting

Match cutting is when you cut from one scene, to a completely different one - but objects on each scene match.

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